Humanistic Era Reflection Paper ( Evolution of Management) Essay

Humanistic Era Reflection Paper ( Evolution of Management) - Essay Example The legislative acts such as Labor Management Relations Act and National Labor Relations Act were introduced because of employees increasing dissatisfaction. Along with the mentioned acts, many other were also introduced to resolve the issue of employees’ requirements and their fulfillment. According to Huston and Marquis (2008), many theories related to the working situations and other employees’ needs were proposed by theorists but these theories were not successful in giving the required outcome. Labor Management Relations Act Labor Management Relations Act, also called the Taft-Hartley Act was introduced in 1930s. The ambition behind introducing this act was to restrict employers to take unjustified actions against employees. Because of revolts by employees from different working industries, the influence of labor unions got improved. US federal government also started taking interest in the issues. The act also shows concern towards a consistent relationship betwee n management and labor union. The persecution of employees who are not part of the union, unacceptable membership charges, rejection of any deal with the management without considering its justness and unnecessarily suppressing of employers are some of the highlighted unjustified labor union actions in the act. Hughes, Kapoor and Pride (2009) inform that according to the act, the employers and management are authorized to inform the workers about merits and demerits of being a union member by giving the right knowledge to the workers. The strikes, which are precarious in terms of health and security of the nation, can be called off by the President of America according to the act. In addition, the workers are free to be a member of the union or reject it with their will. National Labor Relations Act National Labor Relations Act, also called the Wagner Act was introduced in 1935. This act gained existence in the period of Great Depression. Due to Great Depression, the employers have to minimize their functionalities, due to which, employees faced career uncertainty. Unions got active in order to support employees to get their rights. According to Jackson and Mathis (2007), collective bargaining was promoted by the US government under the Wagner act. The employees were not required to be a part of labor union to get their rights as they had the right to just management because of the act. According to Bohlander and Snell (2009), the Wagner Act highlighted certain unjust labor actions such as persecution of employees in terms of using their rights, keeping bias against the workers and rejection of the notion of collective bargain for opting for the workers’ spokespersons. Theorists Mary Parker Follett informed in her theory that management should be authoritative with employees or not over them. Employees and employers should form a relationship in which, they share authority and make decisions likewise. In this manner, processing and business functions wi ll be eased out. She introduced the term participative management in her essay, â€Å"The Giving of Orders†. Huston and Marquis (2008), inform about the theorist, Elton Mayo and his Harvard acquaintances who introduced Hawthorne effect. According to Huston and Marqui

Tobacco Prevention Essay Example for Free

Tobacco Prevention Essay Over the past 50 years America has increased its level of knowledge towards the use of tobacco as well as enhanced its cessation techniques through the use of medication and researched programs. Despite these advancements smoking has continued to be a detrimental problem to the American public. According to the CDC, about 1,000 persons younger than 18 years of age begin smoking on a daily basis. 1 Many of the cessation programs directed at youths are still young and creating names for themselves. As a result of all the research that has been done regarding the cessation programs for youths, three effective steps have been found. First, screen for tobacco dependency within families; second, educate parents about the dangers of smoking and second hand smoke and third, counsel and the use of prescription medication. While these three techniques have been proven to be effective they are not a 100% guarantee and they dont address the major issue of actually getting the youths themselves to the programs. Research has extensively documented the harms of tobacco to people, specifically youths but none of it has stopped the tobacco industry from creating advertisements intended for youths. According to the World Health Organization Tobacco companies must attract a new eneration of tobacco users to survive. The industry constantly loses customers because many current smokers quit smoking or die from tobacco-related diseases. As a result, tobacco companies develop massive marketing campaigns to entice youth to smoke and become long-term smokers. 2 To parents, teacher and politicians the youth are the future of our country, to tobacco companies; the youth are the future of their business and their needs for survival. The problem of youth smoking is one that we cannot ignore and must continue to attack. As a whole Healthcare professionals, overnment lobbyist groups, insurance companies and most important the youth themselves all must re-commit themselves to exterminate this persistent problem at hand. Out of the 4,000 chemicals found in cigarettes, nicotine is often referred to as the most dangerous one. It is not regarded as being incredible dangerous to someones health but is feared by many people because extremely addictive. When smoke is inhaled that contains nicotine, the nicotine reaches the brain in a mere six seconds. When used in small doses nicotine acts as a stimulant to the brain or a substance that raises the levels of physiological activity in the body. In large doses it acts as a depressant and hinders the current of signals in the nervous system. Those substances which we call drugs cause their effects by mimicking some substance that naturally occurs in the body or by interfering with some process which naturally goes on. Nicotine acts in the former manner, by mimicking a naturally occurring substance in the body. 3 The substance that nicotine imitates is the chemical neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Each neuron has a protein, which is called a receptor, when nicotine is inhaled they attach on to these receptors in the place of acetylcholine. When nicotine binds to these receptors, like any other drugs they cause changes in the body. The primary changes that occur in the body due to nicotine inhalation are increases in the blood pressure and heart rate. Nicotine also nas psychoactive ettects or m -altering ettect upon use. The release of dopamine during the use of nicotine is a major contributor to the drugs highly addictive qualities. Dopamine is a chemical neurotransmitter that is naturally released in the body during a pleasurable experience. The nicotine released when smoking cigarettes release dopamine leaving the smoker with the feeling of extreme leasure, resulting in the desire to feel that way often. The evil genius of this drug is that while it produces dopamine it impedes the production of monoamine oxidase, which is responsible for the natural process of breaking down dopamine. The ability for nicotine to block the production of monoamine oxidase wears off short after the end of use, this fact causes the smokers to continue to get the urge to smoke and feel heightened levels of dopamine. 4 Nicotine dependence is defined as an addiction to tobacco products caused by the drug nicotine, meaning you cant stop using the substance despite the knowledge hat is causing you harm. The united States Department of Health and Human Services have concluded that for most youths its takes 2-3 years to become nicotine dependent but as few as 100 cigarettes to become addicted. In 2010 about 2. 6 American adolescents (aged 12-17) reported using a tobacco product in the month prior to the survey. In that same year it was found that nearly 60 percent of new smokers were under the age of 18 when they first smoked a cigarette. Of smokers under the age of 18 more then 6 million will likely die prematurely from a smoking- related disease. 6 There are two primary influences that cau se adolescents to susceptible to developing nicotine dependence, the first being peer pressure. Peer pressure is a fact of life and inevitable in your childhood and adolescence. Wheatear a person is conscious or not towards the pressure the choices and behaviors peers make affect the surrounding peers. According to Phillip Morris USA youths with at least three friends who smoke are 10 times more likely pick up the habit than youths who have friends that do not smoke. 7 The other influence that causes adolescents to be more susceptible to nicotine ependence than adults is not a psychosocial factor but a biological one. There are biological differences in adults and adolescents that leave adolescents more vulnerable to nicotine addition. Much of the research done in this sector has been executed with the use of adolescent rats and adult rats for safety reasons. Adolescent rats are more susceptible to reinforcing effects of nicotine that adult rats, and take more nicotine when it is available than do adult animals. 8 An animal study done by the National Institute on Drug Abuse has reported the negative affects that acetaldehyde has on smokers, specifically adolescents. The study found that acetaldehyde, an organic chemical compound found in cigarettes dramatically increases the reinforcing properties of nicotine and may also contribute to tobacco addiction. It was also found that acetaldehyde has an age- related effect and was far more drastic in the adolescent animals brains than the adult animals. 9 In 2009 the Philadelphia Department of Health conducted a study that found the high school smoking rate was higher in Philadelphia then any other large city. The smoking rate for high school students was 3. %, the racial breakdown of those statistics were 1. % of African Americans, 3. 1% of Hispanics and 15. 6% of Caucasians. 10 There are two main contributors that lead Philadelphia to have the highest high school smoking rate; cigarettes are cheaper in Philadelphia then any other major city and the prevalence of tobacco retailers in Philadelphia, there are 27 retailers for every 1,000 youth between the ages 10-17. 11 Pennsylvania ranked 19th in the country for price of cigarettes with an average of 5. 85 per pack, about 5$ behind New York which was ranked 1st. 2 To formulate national statistics the CDC uses the data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey. The National Youth Tobacco Survey is our countries most effective way of measuring youth tobacco use. It is a school- based, self- administered questionnaire given to middle school students (6th to 8th grade) and high school students (9th- 12th grade). It has been given every 2 years since 2000 and is used by the Healthy People Foundation to keep track of the 2020 goal it has set. In 2011 the use of all types of tobacco for middle school and high school 7. 1% and 23. % respectively and the prevalence of specific cigarette use was 4. 3% for middle school students and 18. 1% for high school students. 13 The Healthy People oals for 2020 were set in 2009 when the cigarette use rate for high school students was at 19. 5%, the overall goal is to get it down to 16% by 2020. 14 In or der to reach the goals set for 2020 it is crucial that the countries cessation programs are doing their part. Research has shown that the most effective method for youths to quit smoking is a binary method, both behavioral techniques and medication use. In terms of medication use there are two types of medicinal categories, first- line and second- line. First-line medications are the ones that tend to be used first by smokers trying to quit and second-line medications are used if the irst- line medications prove inadequate. The most simplistic first-line medications are over-the-counter and come in the form of nicotine gum, patches and lozenges. The gums, patches and lozenges all offers doses of nicotine, starting with the highest dose the smoker is supposed to reduce dose over-time with the hopes of eventual nicotine independence. Nicotine Inhalers and Nicotine nasal spray are also first- line medications that work in the same way as the gum, lozenge and patch but are prescription rather then over-the-counter. Bupropion and Varenicline are two other forms of first-line medications that are also prescription. Bupropion also known as Zyban and Varenicline also known as Chantix both work to reduce the symptoms of nicotine withdrawal and reduce the urges smokers feel. The two second-line medications are Nortriptyline known as Aventyl and Clonidine known as Catapres. Aventyl is traditionally used to teat depression but has also proved successful with tobacco cessation efforts and Catapres is generally used to treat high blood pressue, but like Aventyl has shown effective in tobacco cessation. 1 5 The behavioral techniques that are used in tobacco cessation come in two forms, an intervention style and a program style. The current research efforts that have been done regarding the intervention methods of cessation are deficient. There is simply a lack of evidence- based interventions, which makes it very difficult to Judge the success as well as improve the programs. This issue was addressed with the Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative, which came up with the better practices model. The better practices model is based on the idea that successful solutions to complex problems must draw from both science and experience. 16 The Canadian Tobacco Control Research Initiative came out with guidelines on what ssues should be used while developing cessation interventions. As time passes with these new guidelines and more evidence based interventions occur it shouldnt ta long to specify what are the best methods for success. 6 Programs can be more accurately researched because their data is much more accessible. A cessation program can mean many different things, ranging from face to face counseling, telephone counseling, Internet counseling and group counseling. The most effective forms of counseling have been face-to-face counseling as well as group counseling. Telephone counseling is relatively new but has showed success in its short life. Rega rdless of how the counseling has been delivered the technique that has been proved to be the most effective is the problem-solving approach. The problem-solving approach asks smokers to think of times they are likely to smoke and then planning what to do to distract themselves from the urge to smoke. 17 Social support such as encouragement and caring has not surprisingly been proven effective ways to help cessation. N-O-T, Not on Tobacco is the American Lung Associations voluntary rogram for teens that want to quit smoking has proven to be successful in the past. It is the most researched, most widely used and most successful program in the United States. (YTC) N-O-T has 7 major characteristics that have made it to successful: 18 1. Allows teens to volunteer to participate 2. Includes group activities 3. Has separate activities for boys and girls 4. Uses a total health approach 5. Consists of 10 session and can be used in school and community settings 6. Is based on more then 10 years of research 7. Is proven effective, has a 21% quit rate, higher then any other program N-O-T evelops skills, confidence and support system that teenagers need in order to quit. They understand that one of the keys to quitting smoking is to have the ability to keep your life the same without the use of cigarettes. By doing this and aiding the teens in other problems other then the smoking such as controlling weight after quitting and managing stress they have been successful. While there has been success in the cessation programs there is clearly an incredible amount of room for improvement. The most effective way to drastically improve success is creating a more accessible environment to programs. Although many youth think about and attempt to quit tobacco many are unaware of or unable to access cessation services. Also, many youth do not think quitting tobacco is difficult enough to warrant professional assistance. 19 The most important thing we can do moving forward is to better recruit youth who smoke and use tobacco. Recruiting for programs such as these should be very specific and focus are the target audience. Using the data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey it can be fgured out which ethnicity has the most smokers and recruitment techniques should be in accordance ith those number . An effective way to do this would be to tap in to previous existing social networks in a community, such as a club or a sports team. While your peers can be the reason you start smoking as a result of negative pressure they can also be the reason you quit as a result of positive pressure. Offering incentives can also be a useful technique for recruitment, offering something like pizza at meetings could raise the attendance and access. Even if the child goes into the meeting with the sole intent of getting the incentive they are still exposed to cessation efforts. One last ecruitment technique can be to use other teens as recruiters. It will give a more personalized appearance and give you the feeling that you will not be alone. It is also on the shoulders of the health insurance companies and the health care system to provide access to these youths. All health insurance policies should cover any cessation program or method used by teens to quit smoking, the high prices of some medications and some counseling practices can deter youths from making an attempt to quit. It should be the standard that all health care services monitor and care for nicotine dependency. It falls on a combination of the government, healthcare systems and public health agencies to formulate a system that can effectively treat youth nicotine dependence. It is also extremely important that high schools are smoke free; the majority of youths time is spent, as schools and creating a smoke- free environment will deter smoking amongst youth. Another way to improve the current youth cessation programs in to apply adult programs to youth specifically for interventions, the most lacking in research of all methods. Due to this lack of research on youth interventions we can use what has been proven effective with adults. The United States Public Health System has provided the public specifically adults with recommendations that have proved successful. These recommendations include: It is essential that clinicians and health care delivery systems consistently identify and document tobacco use status and treat every tobacco user seen in a health care setting, Telephone quitline counseling is effective with diverse populations and has broad reach. Therefore, clinicians and health care delivery systems should both ensure patient access to quitlines and promote quitline use along with eight other proven effective recommendations. 0 As spoken about previously there are biological differences are one of the many things that vary between youth and adults. These differences could lead to a lack of success and should encourage counselors to use adult recommendations carefully. As a country we should be encouraged by the amount of success youth cessations programs have had but also motivated to continue to improve them. While it is unrealistic to think there will be a time when there are no smokers on this earth that should be our goal. We should aim for a 0% high school smoking rate because that will drive people to continue to find successful methods. If we live with the goal of a 0% smoking rate five or ten years down the road when we look at what the youth smoking is and look at its decline, it will be drastic. If you think about it in terms of a professional baseball pitcher, he goes into each game with the mindset of pitching a perfect game and works each day towards that goal. In hindsight with a more realistic mindset he can look back on his performance and see that getting 24 out of 27 men out rather then 27 out of 27 is still a success. Cessation is not an easy process and the only thing that can make it easier is a more committed effort by all parties involved.

Tourism as a boost to economic growth in African countries; the case of Cameroon

Tourism as a boost to economic growth in African countries; the case of Cameroon ABSTRACT Tourism is viewed worldwide as a strategy to bring in foreign currency through the show casing of local goods, works of arts and cultures ranging from food to dressing. This also obtains in Africa and Cameroon in particular. Tourism is seen as a major source of income for the government and offers employment opportunities to thousands of its citizens. Cameroon is described as Africa in miniature probably because of its rich touristic potentials. This paper will therefore focus on the development of touristic potentials in Cameroon, public perception of tourism, the management of revenue from tourism and the overall economic gains it provides to the country. Introduction Cameroon is a Central African nation on the Gulf of Guinea, bordered by Nigeria, Chad, the Central African Republic, the Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, and Gabon. Cameroons estimated 250 ethnic groups form five large regional-cultural groups: western highlanders (or grassfielders), including the Bamileke, Bamoun, and many smaller entities in the northwest (est. 38% of population); coastal tropical forest peoples, including the Bassa, Douala, and many smaller entities in the Southwest (12%); southern tropical forest peoples, including the Ewondo, Bulu, and Fang (all Beti subgroups), Maka and Pygmies (officially called Bakas) (18%); predominantly Islamic peoples of the northern semi-arid regions (the Sahel) and central highlands, including the Fulani, also known as Peuhl in French (14%); and the Kirdi, non-Islamic or recently Islamic peoples of the northern desert and central highlands (18%). The people concentrated in the Southwest and Northwest regionsaround Buea and Bamendause standard English and pidgin, as well as their local languages. In the three northern regions Adamawa, North, and Far NorthFrench and Fulfulde, the language of the Fulani, are widely spoken. Elsewhere, French is the principal language, although pidgin and some local languages such as Ewondo, the dialect of a Beti clan from the Yaounde area, also is widely spoken. Although Yaounde is Cameroons administrative capital, Douala is the largest and the economic capital with the main seaport, and main industrial and commercial centers. The western highlands are amongst the most fertile regions in Cameroon and have a relatively healthy environment in higher altitudes. This region is densely populated and has intensive agriculture, commerce, cohesive communities, and historical emigration pressures. From here, the Bantu migrations into eastern, southern, and central Africa are believed to have originated about 2,000 years ago. Bamileke people from this area have in recent years migrated to towns elsewhere in Cameroon, such as the coastal regions, where they form much of the business community. About 20,000 non-Africans, including more than 6,000 French and 2,400 U. S. citizens, reside in Cameroon. HISTORY The earliest inhabitants of Cameroon were probably the Bakas (Pygmies). They still inhabit the forests of the South and East regions. During the late 1770s and early 1800s, the Fulani, a pastoral Islamic people of the western Sahel, conquered most of what is now northern Cameroon, subjugating or displacing its largely non-Muslim inhabitants. Although the Portuguese arrived on Cameroons coast in the 1500s, malaria prevented significant European settlement and conquest of the interior until the late 1870s, when large supplies of the malaria suppressant, quinine, became available. The early European presence in Cameroon was primarily devoted to coastal trade and the acquisition of slaves. The northern part of Cameroon was an important part of the Muslim slave trade network. The slave trade was largely suppressed by the mid-19th century. Christian missions established a presence in the late 19th century and continue to play a role in Cameroonian life. Beginning in 1884, all of present-day Cameroon and parts of several of its neighbors became the German colony of Kamerun, with a capital first at Buea and later at Yaounde. After World War I, this colony was partitioned between Britain and France under a June 28, 1919 League of Nations mandate. France gained the larger geographical share, transferred outlying regions to neighbo ring French colonies, and ruled the rest from Yaounde. Britains territorya strip bordering Nigeria from the sea to Lake Chad, with an equal populationwas ruled from Lagos. In 1955, the outlawed Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (UPC), based largely among the Bamileke and Bassa ethnic groups, began an armed struggle for independence in French Cameroon. This rebellion continued, with diminishing intensity, even after independence. Estimates of deaths from this conflict vary from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands. French Cameroon achieved independence in 1960 as the Republic of Cameroon. The following year the largely Muslim northern two-thirds of British Cameroon voted to join Nigeria; the largely Christian southern third voted to join with the Republic of Cameroon to form the Federal Republic of Cameroon. The formerly French and British regions each maintained substantial autonomy. Ahmadou Ahidjo, a French-educated Fulani, was chosen President of the federation in 1961. Ahidjo, relying on a pervasive internal security apparatus, outlawed all political parties but his own in 1966. He successfully suppressed the UPC rebellion, capturing the last important rebel leader in 1970. In 1972, a new constitution replaced the federation with a unitary state. Ahidjo resigned as President in 1982 and was constitutionally succeeded by his Prime Minister, Paul Biya, a career official from the Bulu-Beti ethnic group. Ahidjo later regretted his choice of successors, but his supporters failed to overthrow Biya in a 1984 coup attempt. Biya won single-candidate elections in 1984 and 1988 and flawed multiparty elections in 1992, 1997, and 2004. His Cameroon Peoples Democratic Movement (CPDM) party holds a sizeable majority in the legislature following 2007 elections153 deputies out of a total of 180. ECONOMY Cameroon is endowed with an abundance of natural resources, including in the agricultural, mining, forestry, oil and gas sectors. Cameroon is the commercial and economic leader in the CEMAC sub-region, although regional trade, especially with Nigeria, remains under-realized. Cameroons economy is highly dependent on commodity exports, and swings in world prices strongly affect its growth. Cameroons economic development has been impeded by economic mismanagement, pervasive corruption, and a challenging business environment (for local and foreign investors). Cameroon remains one of the lowest-ranked economies on the World Banks annual Doing Business and similar surveys and regularly ranks among the most corrupt countries in the world. Over the last 3 years, GDP growth has averaged around 2%-3%, which is roughly on par with population growth but not enough to significantly reduce high poverty levels. Despite boasting a higher GDP per capita than either Senegal or Ghana, Cameroon lags behind these two countries in important socio-economic indicators, including health and education. The government has professed a determination to foster urgent economic growth and job creation, and there is a decided uptick in interest in the mining sector and infrastructure de velopment. For a quarter-century following independence, Cameroon was one of the most prosperous countries in Africa. The drop in commodity prices for its principal exportsoil, cocoa, coffee, and cottonin the mid-1980s, combined with an overvalued currency and economic mismanagement, led to a decade-long recession. Real per capita gross domestic product (GDP) fell by more than 60% from 1986 to 1994. The current account and fiscal deficits widened, and foreign debt grew. The government embarked upon a series of economic reform programs supported by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF) beginning in the late 1980s. Many of these measures have been painful, including the governments slashing of civil service salaries by 50% in 1993. The CFA francthe common currency of Cameroon and 13 other African stateswas devalued by 50% in January 1994. The conjunction of these two events meant an overall drop in purchasing power of nearly 65%. The government failed to meet the conditions of the first four IMF programs. A 3-year Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) approved by the IMF in October 2005 ended in 2008. Cameroon has not negotiated any new IMF program but is continuing cooperation with the Fund under Article IV consultations. In 2009, the IMF disbursed $144 million to Cameroon under its Exogenous Shocks Facility to help with the effects of the global economic crisis. Official statistics for 2009 had inflation at 5.3%, indicating a weakening of Cameroonians spending power. Public frustration over rising prices was partly to blame for an outbreak of social unrest and violence in many Cameroonian cities in February 2008. In March 2008, the government announced a reduction in food import tariffs and other measures designed to reduce the cost of basic commodities. The global economic crisis has seriously impacted Cameroons oil, cotton, timber, and rubber sectors, depressing exports, growth, and overall consumption. The government has made halting progress on its privatization program. The National Water Utility Corporation (SNEC) was split into two entities. CAMWATERto handle infrastructureremains in government hands, and a reformed SNEC is now owned by a consortium led by Moroccan Water Utility. Plans to privatize the national air company CAMAIR and national telecom CAMTEL, however, have repeatedly faltered because of political sensitivities and concerns about corruption. CAMAIR was declared officially defunct and ceased to operate in May 2008; its replacement, CAMAIR-CO, has announced its intention to commence flights in early 2012. CAMTEL remains under the control of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. The European Union is Cameroons main trading bloc, accounting for 36.6% of total imports and 66.1% of exports. France is Cameroons main trading partner, but the United States is the leading investor in Cameroon (largely through the Chad-Cameroon pipeline and energy provider AES Sonel). According to press reports, China recently became the number one importer of Cameroonian exports, especially unprocessed timber. The map of Cameroon Cameroon Geography The climate of Cameroon is mainly tropical along the coast but it is hot in the north. The land of the country is diverse, starting form the coastal plain to mountains, plateau to plains. Volcanic activity from Lake Nyos and Lake Monoun volcanoes often take place. The natural resources of this country are iron ore, timber, bauxite, hydropower and petroleum. The agricultural products of Cameroon are coffee, bananas, cocoa, cotton, oilseed, grains, livestock, rubber and root starches. Geography of Cameroon reveals that deforestation, poaching, overfishing, overgrazing are becoming environmental issues currently. In Cameroon the southern part has got two dry seasons from November to March and June to August. The climate of the northern part is comparatively comfortable. The temperature varies from 23 degree to 26 degree C. This central plateau receives 150 cm to 60 cm rainfall a year. The dry season of this region continues from October to March. Tourism in Cameroon Tourism in Cameroon is a growing but relatively minor industry. Since the 1970s, the government of Cameroon has cultivated the industry by creating a ministry of tourism, encouraging investment by airlines, hotels, and travel agencies. Many hotels, restaurants and guesthouses have grown over the years to offer good accommodation facilities to the tourists, as such more cameroonians are being employed. All of Africa in a single Country. This is a slogan of inspiration for all those who visit Cameroon and especially for expserts in Cameroons Ministry of Tourism. This country offers all major characteristics that can be found in other countries in Africa: a highly diverse cultural background found in more than 200 ethnic groups, an exceptional geological, ecological and botanic potential, wildlife in its natural form and varied climatic conditions. This is the main reason why tourism is ranked 10th top priority of the President and his collaborators. The objective is to make Cameroon a leading tourist destination. The number of tourists coming to Cameroon increased from 200 000 in 2001 to about 300 000 in 2003 and this figure has steadily increased over the years. The objective in 2003 was to attain 500 000 visitors. Cameroon has more than 200 ethnic groups with over 233 languages spoken and a diversity of cultural activities. There are also ecotourist potentials that can be developed from North to south and from East to West thanks to the highly contrasting landscape. Mountaineering and tourism on mountains can also be practiced on the mountain ranges that are found all over the country. Safari can also be practiced by visiting the multitude of National parks which contain a diversity of mammals, birds and other beasts. Henceforth a safari could be a visit to Waza to watch animals, then back to the Northern parks like that of Bouba Ndjidah, or Korup in the south and the Dja national patrimony to admire the riches of nature. The some what median position of Cameroon in Africa makes it really summarize a good number of characteristics of the continent, causing some people refer to it as Africa in miniature. From the green dense south dominated by the Equatorial forest, there is a gradual change towards a low green savannah and steppe towards the north. The Western section of the country is dominated by a high relief, also dominated by savannah meanwhile the littoral section of the country has an extensive coastline marked by grayish yellow fine sands. There are also interesting aspects of the landscape marked by attractive sites, traditions and people. All these have led to different types of tourism which are practiced through out the year depending on the seasons. Cameroon has a good site for sea and beach loving visitors, with about 400 km of the Atlantic coast stretching along part of the country. Kribi and Limbe towns are the highest points of attraction for tourism on the coast. From these coasts, tourists can also carry out inland tourism to other destinations. In Kribi, there is an excellent beach of white sand extending over a large area with coconut trees from time to time appearing on the scenery. The contact between the Ocean and the sea is also an extraordinary site to see. Another wonder of Kribi is found in the south where a number of cascades of about 30 m high have given rise to waterfalls, the most spectacular being the Lobe fall which issues out directly into the Atlantic Ocean. A little bit above this area are fishing villages; Ebounja and Ebodje in which the activity is believed to be carried out miraculously. From Lobe, further visits on boats and canoes will take you to the discovery of the Pygmies of the equatorial Forest . The Limbe region is close to Douala and has a splendid site marked by the mount Cameroon which dominates the Atlantic region of Cameroon. The road linking the coast to Douala passes along magnificient plantations of rubber, palms and bananas. The geology of the coastal area is generally characterized by a large expanse of grey sand. Also thanks to the geographic situation Cameroon, there is a high diversity of most fauna and flora species found in Africa, with some that can only be found in Cameroon. There are presently nine national parks serving as a safe haven for wildlife in its natural state. This are areas of safari in which visitors can observe, take photos and feel the presence of animals in nature. The Waza National Park is the most popular in Cameroon and one of the most spectacular in francophone black Africa. It is located in the Far North Region and is a paradise for lions and numerous mammals like giraffes, elephants, cheetahs, leopards etc as well as a great colony of diverse bird species. The Bouba Ndjidah National park is a territory for rhinoceros. There are equally lions, elephants, buffaloes amongst others found here. The Benue National Park is at the heart of the northern region and it is a region with the largest antelopes, hippopotamus, hyenas, panthers, buffaloes etc. The Faro National park has a large number of animals amongst which are: buffaloes, rhinoceros, elephants, giraffes etc. The Kalamaloue National Park has elephants, crocodiles and a multitude of birds. The Mozogo Gokoro National park is of high botanical interest, and therefore a good site for research. The Korup national park located in the southern part of the country and has one of the oldest and most beautiful tropical forests in the world. Besides National parks, Cameroon also has a good number of reserves and sanctuaries such as that of Dja and Campo which are great gorilla sanctuaries. Cameroon is also endowed with a rich cultural diversity manifested by a rich and diverse folklore, arts, habitats and ways of life. Every region has a particular folklore and music. In the south there is the Bafia dance, Bekutsi, assiko and others that are very much loved by poets and visitors to the region. In the West, there is the Bamaleke dance, dominated by masked people dancing in very attractive and picturesque costumes. The north is a whole country of fantasia, marked by decorated horsemen in painted costumes, carrying and blowing long trumpets. Handicrafts and arts are made through out the country but the West and Northern parts of the country are leaders in the sector. Bafoussam, Foumban and Bamenda are towns that are noted for their masks, decorated costumes, chairs created in the form of thrones, pipes, sculptures and statues. In Maroua, there is an attractive multicolored market of decorated table cloths, locally tanned leather sleepers, bags and wallets of crocodile, snake or iguana skins, bracelets, hand-made carpets and decorative objects in general. There is also a rich historical patrimony in this region marked by monuments and antiquities as well as very ancient traditional palaces. Cameroon also has abundant potentials for ecotourism; four sites can be visited in this respect like: the Dja reserve, the Korup National Park, the Limbe botanical garden and the Ebodje village. The Limbe botanical garden was created in 1892 by a German horticulturalist in a bid to cultivate certain crops which were not adapted to the climate of Cameroon. Limbe is situated in the South West, beside the Atlantic Ocean. Several small tracks were created in this garden to facilitate easy access by visitors who come there to admire the natural wonders and biodiversity of the site. A jungle village was created at the centre of the garden for cultural manifestations. It is also a centre for international research on biodiversity. Ebodje is a fishing village also located at the borders of the Atlantic Ocean some 50 km from Kribi. Its beautiful beaches are a good site for lovers who can take on excursions in boats organized by fishermen. Ebodje is also a regional site for the protection of marine turtles. The Dja reserve is a world Heritage site declared y UNESCO since 1987. It is located in the south and has the richest natural fauna and flora biodiversity. It has over 1500 animal species amongst which are elephants, gorillas and chimpanzees, more than 107 mammals and a large biodiversity of birds estimated at over 320 bird species. The Korup National park falls amongst one of the oldest Tropical rainforests in the world. Fauna riches in this park can be explained by the fact that this area was not totally cleared off during the last ice age. Its fauna is comprised of more than 400 bird species, 140 fish species, numerous mammals and primates. More than 400 flora species have been identified in this area, with numerous medicinal plants. In terms of ecotourism, the presence of 250 fossilized dinosaur footprints at Manangia (Mayo Rey) are also be an attraction, not forgetting the mount Cameroon with its impressive height of 4070m. It is an active volcano, having a number of small rivers crisscrossing its slopes, some falling as rapids or waterfalls. To the north, the Mount Mandara and the sunny landscapes of the Kapsiki present beautiful sceneries. This area is inhabited by isolated human groups of people who are animists and live totally preserved from the influence of modern civilizations. An example is the Koma people on the Mount Atlantika. Within the confines of the boundary from the South west coasts of the Atlantic towards the interior, there is a vast expanse of forest vegetation that is cut across in several areas by rivers. There are equally towns and especially villages isolated in some areas; having traditions that have long existed and keep on passing from generation to generation. Some of these villages are good camping sites. The north has distinct vegetation from the south; there is a visible change from dense forests in the south to a savannah landscape in the north. This begins with a vast expanse of lowland prairies on the Adamawa plateau (grazing zone) towards the north between Maroua and Kousseri on immense dry plains which tend to be dominated by a Sahel steppe vegetation. Culturally, annual traditional festivals are often organized in different areas of the country; these are opportunities of seeing different traditional dances and costumes. Examples are: the Ngondo of the coastal people, funerals of the Western people, the Ngoun of the Bamoun People which has become very popular and the Nyem-Nyem festival in the Adamawa. Big towns like Yaoundà © and Douala with their immense infrastructure of hotels, banks, conference halls and hotels are favorable sites for international conferences and business. There are also several possibilities of carrying out leisure activities like golf clubs, night clubs, bars, theatre halls and swimming pools. There are more than 50 travel agencies that are specialized in organizing tours and taking tourists to different locations; ensuring their security, nice stay and safe return. Cameroon also has three international airports that regularly serve international flights. There are equally internal flights to the nine secondary airports found in different locations. There is equally a good road network that links the major towns and provincial capitals as well as principal tourist sites in the country. A railway line runs from the south to the north, moving from Douala to Yaounde and finally to Ngaoundere. Cameroon is an ideal tourist destination in Africa and has a good record of security. The population is very welcoming to strangers and has much to offer in terms of culture, arts and behaviors. A visit to Cameroon could be equated to visiting the whole African Continent in summary. It is therefore not wrong to refer to this country as Africa in miniature. Pic 1: Tourist climbing mt, Cameroon South West Region Pic 2: elephants in Waza Park in the Far North Region Pic 3: Palace of the Sultan of the Foumban people in the Western Region Foumban or Fumban is a city in Cameroon, lying north east of Bafoussam. It has a population of 83,522 (at the 2005 Census). It is a major town for the Bamoun people and is home to a museum of traditional arts and culture. There is also a market and a craft centre, while Foumban Royal Palace contains a museum with information on Ibrahim Njoya who invented a new religion and the Shumom alphabet. Pic 4: A Bamun artisan in Foumban Though touristy, Foumban is one of Cameroons major attractions and an important centre of traditional African art. Its jewel is the Palais Royal, seat of power for the Bamoun people. The ruler of the Bamoun is known as the sultan, and the Bamoun can trace the lineage of their sultan back to 1394. The palace, completed in 1917, resembles a medieval chateau. It houses the Sultans Museum, which contains a multitude of royal gowns, arms, musical instruments, statues, jewellery, masks and colourful bead-covered thrones carved in the shapes of the men who sat on them. A few hundred metres south of the palace is the Musà ©e des Arts et des Traditions Bamoun. This extensive collection has exhibits on Bamoun history and art, including cooking implements, musical instruments, pipes, statues, masks, gongs and an ornately carved xylophone. The road that connects the two museums is the Rue des Artisans, home to sculptors, basket makers, weavers and embroiderers, and one of the best places in Central Africa to buy wood carvings. The table below show the number of tourists arrival in cameroon since 2000. YEAR NUMBER OF TOURISTS ARRIVALS 2000 277000 2001 221000 2002 226000 2003 300000 2004 190000 2005 176000 2006 / 2007 / 2008 / 2009 / 2010 572.73 Table 1: Number of tourists arrivals in Cameroon per year since 2000 (source: African statistical year book, 2009). THE ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF TOURISM IN CAMEROON The economic impact of the tourism industry is usually assessed at the macroconomic level and can be measured in several different ways. While tourism generates a significant amount of foreign exchange earnings that also contribute to the economic growth of developed countries, such ingredient of growth has not been effectively harnessed in Africa. According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO, 2005) estimates, 766 million tourists who traveled world-wide in 2004 generated about $626 billion (excluding transport). During the same year, Africa received nearly 5% of the global arrivals (or 33 million tourists), an increase over the 2000 level (28.2 million) of 18% (Dieke, 2004). Similar increases in receipts were also registered, as reflected by the rise in the regionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s market share increase from 4.1% in 2000 to 4.5% in 2005. The contribution of tourism to economic growth and development is reflected in the form of exports since it represents 40 percent of all exports of services, making it one of the largest categories of international trade (UNWTO, 2006). In 20005, the tourism sector accounted for 3 % to 10% of the GDP of developing countries (UNWTO, 2005). Consequently, it is not surprising to imagine that tourism can be a viable export-oriented economic growth strategy for bringing jobs and development to the people and help in the reduction of abject poverty. Despite its increasing importance in African economies, however, tourism has attracted relatively little attention in the empirical literature on economic development. Studies examining cross-country rates of growth and development have largely focused on the contributions of exports from the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, rather than those of the service industry. Even those that explicitly examine the tourism sector in developing nations are primarily concerned with estimating and forecasting tourism demand and income generation via the multiplier process (Sinclair, 1999; Bezmen, 2006). In a recent study of the economic growth performance of Greece, Dritsakis (2004) shows that tourism has a long-run economic growth effect. Using Spainà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s economic data, Balaguer and Cantavella-Jorda (2002) confirm the validity of tourism-led growth hypothesis for long-run economic performance. Oh (2005) for Korea, Tosun (1999), and Guduz and Hatemi (2005) for Turkey have also found empirical support for the tourism-led growth hypothesis. Similarly, employing the convergence approach based on Barro and Sala-i-Martin (1992a) type analysis, Proenca and Soukiazis (2005) examine the impact of tourism on the per capita income growth of Portuguese regions and draw the conclusion that tourism can be considered as an alternative solution for enhancing regional growth in Portugal, if the supply characteristics of this sector are improved. While Cunado and Garcia (2006) also find some evidence of conditional convergence toward the African regional average (for Benin, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Djibouti, Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) and the U.S. (for Cape Verde, Egypt, Mauritius, Seychelles, and Tunisia), the coverage given to the contribution of tourism has been scant. Comparing the relative growth performance of 14 tourism countries within a sample of 143 countries, Brau, Lanza, and Pigliaru (2003) document that tourism countries grow faster than all the other sub-groups (OECD, Oil Exporting, LDC, Small). Many developing countries have thus started to consider tourism as an important and integral part of their economic growth and development strategies as it serves as a source of scarce financial resources, job creation, foreign exchange earnings, and technical assistance (Sinclair, 1998; Dieke, 2004). The spending of international tourists positively impacts the economic growth of African countries. a 10 percent increase in the spending of international tourists leads to a 0.4 percent 13 increase in the GDP per capita income. According to the World Tourism Organization (WTO), Sub-Saharan Africa offers a considerable potential, not only for seaside tourism, but also for environmental and ecotourism, cultural tourism, sports tourism, and discovery tourism. However, this potential remains largely untapped. In economic impact of Tourism, Daniel J. Stynes gives an adequate illilustration of how tourism impacts an economy. He explains as follows: A simple tourism impact scenario illustrates. Lets say a region attracts an additional 100 tourists, each spending $100 per day. Thats $10,000 in new spending per day in the area. If sustained over a 100 day season, the region would accumulate a million dollars in new sales. The million dollars in spending would be distributed to lodging, restaurant, amusement and retail trade sectors in proportion to how the visitor spends the $100. Perhaps 30% of the million dollars would leak out of the region immediately to cover the costs of goods purchased by tourists that are not made in the local area (only the retail margins for such items should normally be included as direct sales effects). The remaining $700,000 in direct sales might yield $350,000 in income within tourism industries and support 20 direct tourism jobs. Tourism industries are labor and income intensive, translating a high proportion of sales into income and corresponding jobs. The tourism industry, in turn, buys goods and services from other businesses in the area, and pays out most of the $350,000 in income as wages and salaries to its employees. This creates secondary economic effects in the region. The study might use a sales multiplier of 2.0 to indicate that each dollar of direct sales generates another dollar in secondary sales in this region. Through multiplier effects, the $700,000 in direct sales produces $1.4 million in total sales. These secondary sales create additional income and employment, resulting in a total impact on the region of $1.4 million in sales, $650,000 in income and 35 jobs. While hypothetical, the numbers used here are fairly typical of what one might find in a tourism economic impact study. A more complete study might identify which sectors receive the direct and secondary effects and possibly identify differences in spending and impacts of distinct subgroups of tourists (market segments). One can also estimate the tax effects of this spending by applying local tax rates to the appropriate changes in sales or income. Instead of focusing on visitor spending, one could also est

The Pros and Cons of Illegal Immigration into the United States Essay e

The Pros and Cons of Illegal Immigration into the United States Illegal immigration has been an important and serious issue for decades; which affects everyone, both Americans and immigrants themselves. Illegal Immigration has three main purposes: first to find a better life in the ?promise land?, second: free healthcare, and third: for criminal activity. Most illegal immigrants come to America with the best intentions for themselves and/or their families, but many others have alternative motives. The thing that must be remembered is that illegal immigration is illegal. It?s all in the name. ?Over 6 million illegal immigrants live in the US- some estimate even more.? (Illegal Immigration) This is astonishing. Six million people could make up a whole suburb such as Mesa or Chandler. Immigrants arrive in America in different ways. One is crossing the border illegally by land. Another way get into the US are by false identities or by stolen, or falsified passports. Another way is by illegal smuggling boats. ?Others enter with legal documentation and then violate the terms on which they have been admitted by taking jobs that are not authorized or overstaying the authorized period of stay in the country? (Illegal Immigration) A bad side to having such a large amount of illegal immigrants in the nation is the crime rate and prison population caused by certain ?illegals?. ?Illegal immigration is a major cause in the overcrowding of our schools and our prisons.? (Bender, David) Michael Huffington, a former member of the US House of Reps. For California says that, ?Many illegal immigrants come for two purposes that are both destructive and expensive: to commit crimes or to receive government benefits.... ...ed by those individuals will hopefully decrease. And perhaps by instituting other policies which help the people who want a better life; and are willing to take the steps to becoming a citizen, will make America not so much of a hide out, but the land of opportunity that is once was less than a century and a half ago. Works Cited Bender, David, Bruno Leone, Charles P. Cozic. Illegal Immigration, Opposing Viewpoints. California: San Diego, 1997. Huffington, Michael. Illegal Aliens, The Immigration Experience. Pennsylvania: Philadelphia, 1997. ?Illegal Immigration is a Crime.? Issue Brief. http/:www.fairus.org/html/04113604.htm. 6 April 2001. Izumi, Lance T. ?Illegal Immigration and Crime.? Capital Ideas: Intellectual Capital from the Political Capitol. 2 September 1997. http/:www.padificresearch.org/capital/97-9-02.html. 7 April 2001.

Philosophy Does God Exist

God: Does He Exist? Philosophy is a subject that can take many twists and turns before it finds an answer to a general question (Wippel, Wolter 335). God is real to many, but not real to others. Some believe that there is sufficient evidence such as the earth. The earth is the perfect size, if the earth and the atmosphere were any smaller, life on earth would be impossible.Then again, because of this idea some believe that the earth was created by a big explosion called the big bang theory which created our planet: because of this we will examine Aquinas on the existence of God while Kant will explore God’s non existence to the extent of being mortal. St. Thomas Aquinas has written several important works over time. There were four works: The Disputed Questions on the Power of God, Exposition of Dionysius on the Divine Names and Disputed Questions on Spiritual Creatures (Medieval Philosophy).Most of Aquinas's works have been written to try to prove the existence of God. Aquina s always has been a firm believer that everything has to have a creator and the only possible solution would be something called God. It is with this idea that Aquinas's Third Way was written. Aquinas says that if everything were mortal, then nothing could exist at present. This can be translated to mean that if all mortal things have to stop existing then there can't be anything which exists today (Medieval Philosophy).Aquinas believes that it takes a living presence to help create other living things in order for them to live also. This means that there must have been something which existed through eternity to help create many living things which exist today. Aquinas believes that something created life throughout time in order for things to be living today. He says this thing must have existed from the beginning and that it must still exist now (Medieval Philosophy). His belief is that living things and non-living things have lived through eternity with the help of a higher, mor e powerful presence, such as God.He also says that if it that were true that nothing existed at one time, then it would be impossible for anything to begin to exist again, which means that nothing could exist now, which is obviously false (Medieval Philosophy). We see that usual bodies work in the direction of some goal, and do not do so by chance. Most natural things lack knowledge. â€Å"But as an arrow reaches its target because it is directed by an archer, what lacks intelligence achieves goals by being directed by something intelligent†.Therefore some intelligent being exists by whom all natural things are directed to their end; and this being we call God. â€Å"It is impossible for anyone to logically believe that things such as rocks, trees, and water can exist without there being a creator† (Medieval Philosophy). It is for this reason that Aquinas believes that God was the only thing that existed then, so therefore he must have been the one who created everythi ng. This theory does prove that something had to exist from the beginning.The Causal Principle is the thought that every contingent being has a cause of its being and that it lies at the heart of the argument. Kant always contends that the cosmological argument, in identifying the necessary being relies on the ontological argument, which in turn is suspect. (Existence of God) According to Kant, survival is not a predicate, a asset that a thing can either have or lack. (Existence of God) When people declare that God exists they are not saying that there is a God and he possesses the land of existence.If that were the case, then when people state that God does not exist they would be saying that there is a God and he lacks the property of life. â€Å"They would be both affirming and denying God’s existence in the same breath† (Existence of God). Rather, suggests Kant, to say that something exists is to say that the idea of that thing is exemplified in humanity. Existence , then, is not a substance of an object possessing material goods, life, but of a thought equivalent to something in the world. â€Å"To see this more clearly, suppose that we give a complete description of an object, of its size, its weight, its color, etc†. Existence of God) If we then attach that the item exists, then in asserting that it exists we put in nothing to the impression of the thing. â€Å"The article is the same whether it exists or not; it is the identical size, the similar weight, the matching color, etc† (Existence of God). The fact that the thing exists, that notion is exemplified in humanity, but does not alter anything about the theory. To assert that the article exists is to say something about the human race, that it contains something that matches that thought; it is not to say anything concerning the thing itself.If Kant is right in his outlook that life is not an asset of matter, then it is impractical to evaluate a God that exists to a God th at does not. On Kant’s observation a God that exists and a God that does not exist are not the same. â€Å"A God that exists is omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, etc† (Existence of God). â€Å"A God that does not exist is omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, etc† (Existence of God). Both are the same. Aquinas’s theory is more realistic to me. Everything was created for a reason and has to be here for a reason.First, Aquinas believes that something created life throughout time in order for things to be living today. He says this thing must have existed from the beginning and that it must still exist now. His belief is that living things and non-living things have lived through eternity with the help of a higher, more powerful presence, such as God. Second, as Aquinas has previously mentioned it is impossible for anyone to logically believe that things such as rocks, trees, and water can exist without there being a creator.This is why I feel that God was the only thing that existed then, so therefore he must have been the one who created everything. He also says that if that were true that nothing existed at one time, then it would be impossible for anything to begin to exist again, which means that nothing could exist now, which is obviously false. Lastly, Aquinas said â€Å"that if everything were mortal, then nothing could exist at present, because what is nonexistent begins to be only through something which already exists†.This can be translated to mean that if all mortal things have to stop existing then there can’t be anything which exists today. This means to me that God has been living through time to help create other creatures. Aquinas believed that it takes living presence to help create other living things in order for them to live. This means that there must have been something which existed through eternity to help create many living things which exist today. People will forever be arguing around their dinner tables about the existence of God.Many take comfort in the belief that there is one Creator who still exists in the universe, a perfect being who watches out for His ‘imperfect' children (Wippel, Wolter). However, the dispute that God exists because he was the ‘First Cause' of everything is too unsophisticated for the refined intelligence to accept (Wippel, Wolter). It may be religiously reassuring to believe in the existence of a higher authority, but there is no indisputable proof to suggest that God was ‘the cause' of everything, hence proving His existence. As we approach the new millennium, disbelief prevails and continues to sway extreme (Wippel, Wolter).Works Cited Nicholas of Cusa, 335-38. John F. Wippel, Allan B. Wolter, ed. New York: The Free Press, 1969. Aquinas, St. Thomas. â€Å"Does God Exist? † In Medieval Philosophy: From St. Augustine to St. Thomas â€Å"Objections to the Ontological Argument. † Existence of God. Web. 11 Nov. 2 010. . Dictionary. com | Find the Meanings and Definitions of Words at Dictionary. com. Web. 10 Nov. 2010. .

How to Write a Classification Essay on Marketing Communications

How to Write a Classification Essay on Marketing Communications Classification writing is an essay where you organize your content into different categories. When writing a classification piece your job is to: Sort your content into categories which are useful to the writer. Ensure your categories all follow a single organizational purpose. Provide examples which fit into each of your categories. Finding Your Categories In order to find your categories, you want to carefully consider how you would logically divide and sort your topic. Think of your topic as a tangible stack of papers on your desk. You have to stack those papers in order to clean. In doing so, you might decide that one category includes papers you no longer need and can throw away. Another category might be papers which require you to do something immediately. Another might be papers you have already acted upon but now need to file somewhere. Thesis Start by forming your thesis. This includes your topic and how you are going to classify the topic. If you feel so inclined, you can name the categories in your thesis statement. Writing Process First you need to determine the categories you want to use. This seems simple enough but is a critical component to the entire writing process. You do not want to blur the classification by having too many categories, but you also don’t want to include multiple organizational principles. You must be crystal clear here. You want to classify your content using a single principle. With this, you want to make sure that the categories you have all fit into the same organizing principle. This principle refers to how you sort out the groups. You don’t want to have more than one principle. If, for example, your organizing principle is psychological communication marketing methods you don’t want to use a different principle later on in the essay, like internet based communication marketing methods. Be sure to include an example for each category. This helps to support the category you are presenting. But what’s more, you need to include the same number of examples for each of your categories. So if you have three examples for your first category, make sure the others have three as well, or change the first category to match the others. It is common for students to place their most important category as the final category, and in doing so students might need to include a bit more elaboration to really get the point across. Transitions When you are writing your essay, be sure to include useful transitions. If you are trying to move from one classification to the next, you might consider transitions such as: The first kind/type/group The second kind/type/group The third kind/type/group Things to Remember It is important to remember that when you write out a classification essay, your job is to organize or sort things into different categories. When you do this, you want to organize the information into categories which are most useful, maintain a single organizing purpose when doing so, and provide examples of the things which fit into the categories you have selected. For example: if you want to cover marketing communications you might classify the paper into historical events in marketing communication, types of communication methods for marketing projects, most popular marketing ads, or marketing medium classification. All in all, it is always best to focus on classifications, or groupings, with which you are most familiar. We hope that these guidelines will help you ensure quality in your work and make your classification essay on marketing communications golden. Don’t forget to check our 20 topics on this matter and 1 sample essay complemented by 10 facts that you’ll get by following this hypertext.

Douglass Response essays

Douglass Response essays The Douglass document was written by an escaped slave named Frederick Douglass. Douglass has written three autobiographies. He was asked to deliver a 4th of July oration. He presented this on July 5, 1852 at a meeting sponsored by the Rochester Ladies Anti-Slavery Society at Rochester Hall in Rochester, N.Y. In his document Douglass proposes the question what to the slave is the Fourth of July. In his document he does a good job of getting everyones attention by honoring the fathers of the republic. He calls them great men great enough to give fame to a great age. He said that he will unite with you to honor their memory but that the point that he is compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable and yet he cannot contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration. Douglass quickly argues what it means to be human. He says that the slaveholders themselves acknowledge it...They acknowledge it when they punish disobedience on the part of the slave. There are seventy-two crimes in the State of Virginia, which, if committed by a black man subject him to the punishment of death; while only two of the same crimes will subject a white man to the like punishment. If a black man is then a man it should be enough to affirm the equal manhood of the negro race and give them all the rights that are defined in the Rights of Man, 1789, and the Declaration of Independence, 1776. Douglass uses this speech as a chance to remind the north that America isnt truly free yet because even though they have declared their independence and abolished slavery in the north that until the south abolished slavery it wouldnt be free. He makes the point that yes it is good that slavery is abolished in the north but it really doesnt mean that much because slavery wasnt a great factor in the north becau...

The Great ha-jin essays

The Great ha-jin essays Ha Jin has written many unique stories that have influenced a large number of readers. One of his more popular stories, The Bridegroom dealt with the controversial topic of homosexuality and how we, as humans, should deal with this important issue. Jins short stories, The Bridegroom were published in 2000 (Weich). There are twelve short stories in The Bridegroom and three of them were selected for The Best American Short Stories (Thomas). In the title story, he writes about the authors adopted daughter who gets married to a handsome guy but he turns out to be a homosexual (Jin). The Bridegroom is an interesting story because it keeps the reader wondering what will happen at the end of the story. Claire Messud of The New York Times believes that this story was a great pleasure. She also believes that Ha Jin has an excellent storytelling talent. I thought the story was different because of the cultural background. I like the way Jin narrated the story and then suddenly added a twist. The Bridegroom is a very unusual story. The story is based on the authors son-in-law and his adopted daughter. The story starts of with Beina (adopted daughter of the author), who is having a hard time finding a boyfriend (Jin 91). Then, all of a sudden a guy by the name of Huang asks her to marry him (Jin 91). Later in the story, Huang gets arrested for the crime of homosexuality (Jin 95). Huangs father in law decides to put him in a mental hospital with the hope of curing him but it turns out that he can never be cured. Jin describes Huang as very kind and handsome man (92). He also points out that Huang was so handsome that all the girls in the authors factory were jealous of Beina when Huang asked her to marry him (Jin 92). He says that Huang is so handsome that he was surprised when Huang asked his daughter, Bein...

Report on oncology nursing career Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Report on oncology nursing career - Essay Example Oncology Nursing Oncology nursing involves the task of conducting research on cancer, taking care of cancer patients directly and performing administrative functions to treat cancer incidents. Thus, an oncology nurse is responsible for providing care and supervising cancer patients whom are chronically or critically ill (Williamson, 2008). Furthermore, an oncology nurse is expected to monitor the physical condition of the cancer patients, formulate strategies to manage the symptoms and give medical prescription. Consequently, owing to the critical roles the oncology nurses are expected to conduct to protect and treat chronically ill cancer patients form deaths, they should possess intensive qualifications. Indeed, for an individual to be become an oncology nurse, the individual should undergo a comprehensive training on psychological and physiological needs of cancer patients. This involves understanding the prevention and detection of cancer, diagnosis and treatment, survivorship, e nd-of- life care and rehabilitation of cancer patients (ONS, 2007). Thus, the oncology nurses are prepared through the educational system with the knowledge of providing primary, sensitive and painkilling care to cancer patients by applying genomics and genetics knowledge. This is done through educational program that gives the students teachings on advanced pharmacology, physical assessment and pathophysiology (Williamson, 2008). Consequently, upon graduation the oncology graduates gain additional skills, knowledge and abilities during their practice experience which may not be provided during the entry educational competency qualifications. Owing to this high demands for one to admitted in the oncology nursing profession, the remunerations have been relatively growing over the last couple of years and second after the medical and surgical nursing (Williams & Wilkins, 2011). Indeed, latest empirical findings have shown that the salary increment over the last five years between 2006 and 2011 surpassed the inflation change in the same period. The salaries increased by a rate of 22% between 2006 and 2007 while inflation increased by 11% in the same period (Williams & Wilkins, 2011). This depicts that the salary of oncology nurses have been fairly increasing since they are able to compensate for the hiking change of money value in the market. Another aspect that is witnessed in the salary reward of the oncology nurses is that they face differential remunerations according to their level of study, specialisation or healthcare organization they serve. Indeed, on average the nurses earn a salary of $60,000 per annum. However, depending on the number of years the nurses has spent in their current position, the rate of reward increases. This is also, replicated in rewarding the nurses according to their job title. Furthermore, if an oncology nurse is a registered member of a given union, they earn more than those not registered. Similarly, oncology nurses working in r ecognized Magnet facilities enjoy higher pays than those in Non-Magnet facilities. This is also, witnessed in private hospitals, community hospitals, university hospitals and military hospitals where the salaries differs in an increasing rate respectively. Moreover, an oncology nurse whom has higher level of education enjoys a higher reward compared to other. This is also, applied by segmenting the rate of rewarding the nur

Balanced Scorecard Implementation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Balanced Scorecard Implementation - Essay Example Secondly the study has discovered the existence of a negative correlation between the four elements - financial, customer, internal business processes and, learning and growth - of the BSC framework and effective development and integration of information systems as determined by costs. Thus this study is particularly influenced by the relevance or irrelevance of establishing a contingency convergent/divergent theoretical and conceptual model on the relative significance of the existing frameworks for analysis of the BSC framework and ERP environment related endogenous and exogenous variables that have a primary and an immediate impact on learning outcomes such as the need for flexible and cost-effective information systems. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) environment of the modern business organization is determined by three fundamental characteristics. They are material requirements planning (MRP), Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) and digital information systems (DIS) (Esteves, & Pastor, J2001). Thus the ERP environment of the business organization is all about information systems and their design and implementation by using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) framework. The BSC framework on the other hand consists of four distinct but integral elements, i.e. financial management, customer related perspectives, internal business processes and, learning and growth (Kalpan & Norton 1992). In order for the organization to successfully adopt measures related to BSC performance, the organization would have to adopt ERP measures simultaneously so that the former can be more effective. For instance ERP environment has comparative advantages directly related to BSC framework. Organizations that adopt BSC f ramework as a strategic measure to achieve positive organizational outcomes are compelled to adopt comparatively better MRP, CIM and/or DIS policies. This is determined by competition.Thus the internal corporate environment of the organization is extensively determined by the BSC framework because the above constraint/advantage has a direct impact on the four main elements and their respective sub-elements in the BSC framework. This in turn can be assumed to present a structural and componential framework for reference in establishing a set of paradigms or standards in the examination of ERP systems for effective adoption of information systems in the organization. The consistent need for such effective and flexible information systems and sub-structures thereof has been emphasized time and again by researchers and analysts thus focusing attention on the far reaching consequences of design and implementation of such information systems. The organizational setting requires such ERP m easures to be evaluated in advance for their degree of convergence

Discussion for online Economics class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion for online Economics class - Essay Example Needs are the essentials and necessities of life. Based on Grover’s (2011) assertions, it is obvious that people can do without the media even though it makes life comfortable. Given the fact that media is considered as wants and not needs; the executives of such media aim at translating the wants into demand. The only way of attaining this aim is to increase the utility that consumers or the public derive from public media through involving them to be part of the fund drives. Participation of the public in fund drives will make them believe that they need to enjoy the services of the public media hence need to derive some utility (Frank & Bernanke, 2013). Nevertheless, there is a possibility that consumers will engage in rational spending. Rational spending rule involves reducing spending on the basis of increases in prices. Making the public media less public would mean that there will be increases in prices to meet the costs associated with disseminating information (Frank & Bernanke, 2013). Such increases will definitely drive away consumers on the basis of the rational spending rule. Whilst engaged in rational spending, consumers will aim at attaining the highest level of utility hence leveling the marginal utility of consumed products thus leading to aspects of income and substitution effects especially when they change from consuming media products (Frank & Bernanke,

Principles and Practices of leadership and management Essay

Principles and Practices of leadership and management - Essay Example y useless in another situation hence there is not a best leadership style among the many available styles, (Bryman, 2011; Clegg, 2006; Aitken and Higgs, 2010). This essay critically evaluates the contingency theories with the Vroom–Jago Contingency Model as the main point of argument; other theories include path-goal theory, leader substitute’s theory, the multiple linkage models, LPC contingency theory and cognitive resource theory. The leadership theories explain the connection between leadership styles and their effectiveness in given situations, (Day and Antonakis, 2012; Murugan, 2007). According to Vecchio (2007), the Vroom–Jago contingency model focuses on the variance in the degrees of leadership and brings out the level of participation through its effect on the quality of accountability and decision making in organizations. The theory argument basis on the fact that a number of situational factors contribute to the possibility of participative and autocratic approach in the leadership that leads to the best outcome. This means that, the leaders can efficiently handle the problems that require a solution and the decisions through one leader or a number of leaders. It three components including leader participation styles and a set of diagnostic questions help analyze the decision situation and decision rules, (Shafritz, and Ott, 2005; Donaldson, 2001). Further, the styles selected depends on the significance of the decision, importance of commitment, leader’s expertise, commitment, support goals, goal expertise and team competence (In Gabbay, and In Leenders, 2001). Therefore, the method is crucial in the decision making processes related to conflict resolution among others in an organization. The last preferred coworker model (LPC), on the other hand, basis on the feelings of the individuals towards their preferred coworker. De, Van, Murnighan, and Social psychology and organizations, (2011) argue that the assumption is that the feelings would

Early childhood education in relation to children with additional Essay

Early childhood education in relation to children with additional needs - Essay Example The early years in the life of a child are considered to be crucial since they form a foundation of their future. At this stage the child goes through developmental and learning stages. There are children with specialized or additional needs including physical and mental disabilities, children from ethnic minority groups and those from low income families. Early childhood educator should be equipped with the skills to identify such children and treat them accordingly. Childhood settings should on the other hand provide the right facilities and resources to ensure that the children get the appropriate care. The family has a role to play in identification of the children. Identification at early age benefits the child since they start receiving specialized treatment with immediate effect. Changes should be effected to improve the treatment and address their needs early enough. Keywords: Early childhood education, Childhood educators and Childhood settings.The early years (from birth to five years of age) in the life of a child are considered to be very important. At this age, children go through a variety of learning stages each while making great steps and the lessons learnt form an important foundation for experiences in their later life. Children go through developmental and learning processes and parents and childhood educators need to help them develop their mental, emotional, physical and creative skills in fun and enjoyable manner as explained by Ashman and Elkins (2009).

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Assignment Example Mr. McLeod, new general manager of All-Asia Paper (AAP) Company must develop ways of dealing with corruption to increase productivity of the company and save lives of company workers. Key alternatives: Mr. McLeod can introduce professional ethics in the company and ensure that all workers adhere to it. Mr. McLeod can refuse to give bribes and let the government and company officials carry out their threats. In the end, it is cheaper to pay a fine and learn to put things straight than live under the thorns of threats, intimidations and blackmails that will lower efficiency and quality of services. Mr. McLeod can resign if Goh (company owner) fail to support him fight the vice that makes the company perform below par and lose million of dollars. Analysis: The Company is performing below expectations as it produces 21,500 tonnes instead of 43,000 tonnes of pulp. Over ten workers have died within eight months for failing to put on protective clothing. The company is about to loose thousands of dollars in bribes to a government safety and health inspector so as not to have a bad report on the faulty outlet pipe and poor working conditions in the company. Government officials and some company employees use threats, blackmails and frauds to induce company officials to give bribes. Finally, Mr. McLeod knows that some threats of safety and health official is non-factual and may be of little significance if implemented. Decision: Mr. McLeod is angry and worried about the corruption levels in Asia. This is impediment to excellent performance and profitable growth of AAP. He decides to introduce professional ethics and provide necessary skills needed by all workers to do their jobs adequately and reduce work related hazards. Action Plan: Mr. McLeod instructs the human resources department to develop curriculum for training all employees. The curriculum shall cover all job specifications, ethics as well as health

Principles and Practices of leadership and management Essay

Principles and Practices of leadership and management - Essay Example y useless in another situation hence there is not a best leadership style among the many available styles, (Bryman, 2011; Clegg, 2006; Aitken and Higgs, 2010). This essay critically evaluates the contingency theories with the Vroom–Jago Contingency Model as the main point of argument; other theories include path-goal theory, leader substitute’s theory, the multiple linkage models, LPC contingency theory and cognitive resource theory. The leadership theories explain the connection between leadership styles and their effectiveness in given situations, (Day and Antonakis, 2012; Murugan, 2007). According to Vecchio (2007), the Vroom–Jago contingency model focuses on the variance in the degrees of leadership and brings out the level of participation through its effect on the quality of accountability and decision making in organizations. The theory argument basis on the fact that a number of situational factors contribute to the possibility of participative and autocratic approach in the leadership that leads to the best outcome. This means that, the leaders can efficiently handle the problems that require a solution and the decisions through one leader or a number of leaders. It three components including leader participation styles and a set of diagnostic questions help analyze the decision situation and decision rules, (Shafritz, and Ott, 2005; Donaldson, 2001). Further, the styles selected depends on the significance of the decision, importance of commitment, leader’s expertise, commitment, support goals, goal expertise and team competence (In Gabbay, and In Leenders, 2001). Therefore, the method is crucial in the decision making processes related to conflict resolution among others in an organization. The last preferred coworker model (LPC), on the other hand, basis on the feelings of the individuals towards their preferred coworker. De, Van, Murnighan, and Social psychology and organizations, (2011) argue that the assumption is that the feelings would

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 22

Assignment Example Mr. McLeod, new general manager of All-Asia Paper (AAP) Company must develop ways of dealing with corruption to increase productivity of the company and save lives of company workers. Key alternatives: Mr. McLeod can introduce professional ethics in the company and ensure that all workers adhere to it. Mr. McLeod can refuse to give bribes and let the government and company officials carry out their threats. In the end, it is cheaper to pay a fine and learn to put things straight than live under the thorns of threats, intimidations and blackmails that will lower efficiency and quality of services. Mr. McLeod can resign if Goh (company owner) fail to support him fight the vice that makes the company perform below par and lose million of dollars. Analysis: The Company is performing below expectations as it produces 21,500 tonnes instead of 43,000 tonnes of pulp. Over ten workers have died within eight months for failing to put on protective clothing. The company is about to loose thousands of dollars in bribes to a government safety and health inspector so as not to have a bad report on the faulty outlet pipe and poor working conditions in the company. Government officials and some company employees use threats, blackmails and frauds to induce company officials to give bribes. Finally, Mr. McLeod knows that some threats of safety and health official is non-factual and may be of little significance if implemented. Decision: Mr. McLeod is angry and worried about the corruption levels in Asia. This is impediment to excellent performance and profitable growth of AAP. He decides to introduce professional ethics and provide necessary skills needed by all workers to do their jobs adequately and reduce work related hazards. Action Plan: Mr. McLeod instructs the human resources department to develop curriculum for training all employees. The curriculum shall cover all job specifications, ethics as well as health

Hear My Cry Essay Example for Free

Hear My Cry Essay Big Ma took Stacey, T. J. and Cassie to Strawberry to the market and also to take T. J. to the Barnetts Mercantile. While they were in the market field Cassie pointed out to Big Ma that they were all the way at the end of the field and no-one would be able to see them. The white peoples wagons were right at the front and if anyone wanted to come to the Logans wagon, by the time they got there they would have bunions on their soles and corns on their toes. Additionally in Strawberry, when Cassie was in the Barnetts Mercantile Mr Barnett was taking a long time to see to T. J. s list. He kept on going to help white people and then came back and didnt even put in another item when he started to help a little white girl. When Cassie saw this she became slightly angry and thought Mr. Barnett had forgotten about T. J. s list. Cassie went to tell Mr. Barnett of T. J. s list and tugged at his sleeve. He recoiled and told her to wait. Then she got even angrier and told him that he had taken ages for their turn. Thats when Mr Barnett screamed, Whose little nigger is this? Stacey dragged Cassie out of the store and told her to shush. Mr Barnett was not being fair to the children and was treating them horribly. Once Cassie was outside she accidently bumped into Lillian Jean. She didnt want to create a fuss so when Lillian Jean asked her to apologize she did. But Lillian Jean wanted more; so she ordered Cassie into the road. Of course Cassie wasnt going to do that. When Lillian Jean went to grab Cassies arm, Cassie pulled it back but someone caught it and held it tight so it hurt. This was Mr Simms. He shoved her into the road and Cassie fell on her bottom. He told her to listen to Lillian Jean when she asked Cassie to get in the road. He asked her to apologize and Cassie said she had. When Mr Simms jumped into the road Cassie got really scared and thought her would hit her but he didnt. Then she got up and ran to the wagon but somebody caught her, it was Big Ma. Then Big Ma told Cassie to apologize but Cassie still argued. Once again Big Ma told her and this time Cassie did. But Mr Simms demanded her to say Miz before his daughters name. And with a painful tear Cassie did. You can tell how upset she was because in the book it says; No day in all my life had been as cruel as this one. Lastly, in the final chapters T. J. had become friends with R. W. and Melvin. But the Simms boys used this to their advantage. They would laugh behind T. J. s back but not in front of him. Then one day they forced him to break into the Barnetts Mercantile and stole the pearl handle pistol. Also Mr and Mrs Barnett were left for dead. T. J. got all the blame and the Simms stood there watching when the Wallaces came for T. J. , T. J. got sent to jail and was to go to court while the Simms boys were left free. In conclusion, all white people had superiority over the black community. They didnt treat them with respect, except a few (example; Jeremy and Mr Jamison). Blacks had to call white people Miss or Mr. And white people made the law not blacks. They could hang a black for any reason, or no reason at all and no questions were asked. Black people were treated unfairly and unjustly. Saimah Sarwar 10a English GCSE Coursework Roll Of Thunder, Hear My Cry. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our  GCSE Mildred Taylor  section.

Quantum Mechanics in Commerce

Quantum Mechanics in Commerce Alec Bolme Tobi Odeleye In today’s world, there are general rules that everything seems to follow. This can include simple things like how putting force on an object or pushing it will result in the object moving in the direction of the force. Also things such as how gravity will affect an object make it fall. If someone were to let go of an object gravity would make it fall till it hits the ground. These are concepts that everyone understands sort of as basic fundamental laws of physics. Most of these laws, though, change at the quantum level. Things at the quantum level include atoms, electrons, protons and other things at the subatomic level that are too small for a human to see with the naked eye. Particles at this level behave differently than most things and in a way that do not necessarily follow common laws of physics. Quantum level mechanics, also known as quantum physics, were first identified by physicist Niels Bohr and Albert Einstein and ended up getting named after the work from Max Pla nck.[1] Quantum mechanics were once a big unknown and is constantly being studied and further researched. The subject of quantum mechanics is still being studied and there is still a lot to know. Quantum mechanics is huge for the science world and plays a big role in understanding life. A real genuine case of quantum mechanics are ultra-exact timekeepers. Clocks are utilized by a dominant part of the population, and are critical particularly in America, where convenience is imperative, particularly to managers. Associations like the USNO, U.S. Naval Observatory use quantum mechanics regularly to focus the exact time. The USNO utilizes nuclear tickers on account of a very high precision level, nuclear tickers are significantly more exact than any clock in the recent past.[2] The creation of an exact clock is extremely valuable for general utilization, however all the more significantly, is extremely valuable for space building and engineering. To calculate direction, it is vital to have the capacity to know accurately how quick the space shuttle will get to the destination.2 The error is because of quantum clamor, which meddles with the capacity of the nuclear pendulum to stay running precisely.2 To investigate space, the moon, and different planets in the close plan etary system, it is relevant that the U.S. has the capacity travel through space accurately. GPS is an extremely regular utilization of ultra-exact checks in todays general public, through the satellites used to ping GPS area, the timekeepers additionally help to focus the accurate area and destination entry for whatever destination the GPS is situated to. Researchers today are considering building an overall system of timekeepers. Utilizing nuclear tickers, the most precise, it would be the most exact approach to read a clock on the planet.[3] This would enhance space route for not just the United States, yet for nations all over.3 An alternate intriguing use of quantum mechanics is teleportation. Teleportation is the accomplishment of making an individual or item move starting with one spot then onto the next in an impeccable replica.[4] Although it is not yet feasible for people, yet researchers have been working towards this on a quantum scale. Through quantum trap, researchers had the capacity to move a molecule at a little scale.2 The way that teleportation is turning into a the truth is something a long ways past what was imagined from researchers. The revelation of quantum mechanics is significant to the disclosure of teleportation. In numerous sci-fi films, teleportation is alluded to and used, yet never completely clarified. There is never an explanation to how teleportation works or happens, because it is only just a theory. The points of interest are managing quantum mechanics at a little level through the development and scrambling of molecules and DNA coding from spot top place.4 Through the work o f six separate researchers in 1993, teleportation was affirmed just like a conceivable chief, however just if the first duplicate is annihilated amid the process.4 Teleportation can be exceptionally valuable to individuals everywhere throughout the world on the off chance that it is carried out accurately, and could be a seriously big jump for science. Not just would teleportation be valuable for speedier transportation of an individual starting with one spot then onto the next, additionally it would be extremely helpful for transporting data. For the government officials, being in a tight position with data that is not used properly, can prompt the aftereffect of a loss of security for our nation. Having the capacity to teleport data starting with one spot then onto the next and having the original at the initial spot be demolished could spare lives and still permit the data to be totally secure. This could likewise take a shot at a littler scale for organizations, and even simply classified records by and large. Lasers are likewise something that would not associate with today without the knowledge of quantum mechanics. A laser radiates monochromatic light through optical opening up because of outflow of the photons in molecules being invigorated.[5] Lasers just work by the energy of the electrons circling the particles. These electrons emanate photons and after that continue to come back to a lower vitality level.2 When the photons are discharged it causes different photons to discharge vitality making an enduring stream that is the thing that people see as a laser bar. This laser procedure was likewise found by Max Planck.2 Planck found the quantum mechanics level of lasers and started to comprehend the very process. Molecules transmit vitality as Planck educated, and molecules do this in discrete sums that are alluded to as quanta. The particles in a laser get energized, which is the thing that outcomes in the radiation bringing about the monochromatic light.5 Lasers are exceptionally hel pful to the overall population. Laser printers, tag scanners, skin treatment, building houses, and welding are all general employments of lasers in present day that would not be around or ordinarily utilized if it were not for the revelations and work towards more learning and understanding of quantum mechanics. In spite of the fact that quantum mechanics can never be completely clarified, it is continually going to be a critical piece of regular life. At the point when thinking actually, quantum mechanics is central in totally everything.[6] Throughout the government, nation, and world, quantum mechanics has a gigantic effect all through numerous distinctive topics and circumstances. Without the work in quantum mechanics through numerous researchers, we would not have a portion of the constants we have today, in the same way as Plancks constant, found by Max Planck, a man who found very much a bit of what there is to think about quantum mechanics. There likewise would not be a large portion of the other moment, however vital parts of the workings in society.1 It might be tricky to attempt and get to the definition of this subject, and it may appear to be odd, however the impacts of it are extremely gainful to our general public and can change life infinitely. [1] http://www.pbs.org/transistor/science/info/quantum.html, accessed February 19, 2015. [2] http://www.discovery.com/tv-shows/curiosity/topics/10-real-world-applications-of-quantum-mechanics.htm [3] http://www.nature.com/news/quantum-network-would-be-most-precise-clock-yet-1.15406, accessed February 19, 2015. [4] http://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=2862, accessed February 19, 2015. [5] https://www.boundless.com/physics/textbooks/boundless-physics-textbook/introduction-to-quantum-physics-28/applications-of-quantum-mechanics-183/lasers-677-3407/, accessed February 19, 2015. [6] http://www.askamathematician.com/2013/08/q-are-there-examples-of-quantum-mechanics-that-can-be-seen-in-every-day-life-or-do-they-only-show-up-in-the-lab/, accessed February 19, 2015.